Chronic knee pain can significantly affect a person’s quality of life, making everyday activities difficult. When non-surgical treatments no longer provide adequate relief, knee replacement surgery may be presented as an option for managing severe pain and restoring mobility. This procedure aims to resurface the damaged parts of the knee joint to allow for smoother, less painful movement.
What Is Knee Replacement?
Knee replacement is a surgical procedure designed to address joint damage and alleviate the pain associated with it. The procedure involves removing damaged bone and cartilage from the thighbone, shinbone, and kneecap and replacing them with artificial components. They are designed to replicate the function of a healthy knee joint, allowing the bones to glide smoothly against.
There are two primary types of knee replacement. A total knee replacement involves resurfacing all three compartments of the knee, and a partial knee replacement is an option when damage is confined to only one area of the knee. The objective of either procedure is to relieve pain and improve the knee’s function, enabling individuals to return to their daily routines with greater comfort. A specific approach is determined based on the extent of the joint damage and the individual’s overall health profile.
What Does It Involve?
The knee replacement procedure is a systematic process performed by an orthopedic surgeon. Before the operation, a patient undergoes a thorough medical evaluation, which may include imaging scans and a review of their medical history. This assessment helps the surgical team prepare for the procedure. On the day of the surgery, the patient receives anesthesia to prevent pain during the operation.
The surgeon then makes an incision over the front of the knee to access the joint. Using specialized instruments, the surgeon removes the damaged surfaces of the femur and tibia. The ends of these bones are then precisely shaped to accommodate the prosthetic components, and the artificial parts are fitted to the bones and secured in place. A plastic spacer is placed between the metal components to create a smooth gliding surface. In some cases, the undersurface of the kneecap is also resurfaced. After the components are properly positioned, the surgeon closes the incision.
What Occurs After Surgery?
The recovery process begins almost immediately following the procedure. Patients are typically encouraged to start moving their new knee soon after waking from anesthesia. A physical therapist will guide the patient through specific exercises designed to strengthen the leg muscles and restore the knee’s range of motion. Early mobilization is a key part of the recovery phase.
Pain management is another focus of post-operative care. Medical staff can provide medications to manage discomfort as the healing process begins. The length of the hospital stay can vary, but many individuals are able to return home within a few days. The rehabilitation program continues at home or at a specialized facility. Adherence to the prescribed physical therapy regimen is fundamental for achieving a positive outcome. Most people can expect a gradual return to their normal activities over a period of weeks to months.
Speak With an Orthopedic Surgeon
An orthopedic surgeon can provide a comprehensive evaluation of your specific condition. During a consultation, the surgeon can discuss the potential benefits and risks of the procedure and determine if you are a suitable candidate for the surgery. This discussion will allow you to receive personalized information based on your health status and lifestyle goals, helping you understand all available pathways for managing your knee pain.
